Structure of Adhaar Number

1. PEG ratio and Pitroski score.

The PEG ratio and the Piotroski score are both financial metrics used to evaluate the attractiveness of a stock, but they focus on different aspects of a company's performance.

PEG Ratio

- Definition: The PEG (Price/Earnings to Growth) ratio is a stock's price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio divided by the growth rate of its earnings. 

- Formula: 

 PEG Ratio = P/E Ratio/Earnings Growth Rate

  

- Interpretation: 

  - A PEG ratio of 1 suggests that the stock is fairly valued.

  - A PEG ratio less than 1 indicates that the stock may be undervalued, as the market price does not fully reflect the company's expected earnings growth.

  - A PEG ratio greater than 1 suggests that the stock may be overvalued.

Piotroski Score

- Definition: The Piotroski score is a number between 0 and 9 used to assess the strength of a firm's financial position. It is derived from nine criteria related to profitability, leverage, liquidity, and operating efficiency.

- Components: 

  1. Profitability:

     - Positive net income (1 point)

     - Positive operating cash flow (1 point)

     - Return on assets (ROA) is positive (1 point)

     - Cash flow from operations is greater than net income (quality of earnings) (1 point)

  2. Leverage, Liquidity, and Source of Funds:

     - Lower ratio of long-term debt to total assets compared to the previous year (1 point)

     - Higher current ratio compared to the previous year (1 point)

     - No issuance of new shares in the preceding year (1 point)

  3. Operating Efficiency:

     - Higher gross margin compared to the previous year (1 point)

     - Higher asset turnover ratio compared to the previous year (1 point)

- Interpretation: 

  - A score of 8-9 indicates a strong financial position.

  - A score of 0-2 suggests a weak financial position.

  - Scores in the middle range indicate moderate financial health.

Both metrics can be used in conjunction to provide a more comprehensive view of a stock's potential. The PEG ratio focuses on growth at a reasonable price, while the Piotroski score assesses overall financial health.

2. Where to find Pitroski score?

Finding the Piotroski score for a company typically requires some financial analysis tools or websites that specialize in stock analysis. Here are some sources where you can find the Piotroski score:

 Financial Websites and Tools

1. Yahoo Finance: Some advanced features and analysis tools available in Yahoo Finance can provide fundamental data and metrics, including the Piotroski score for certain stocks.

2. GuruFocus: This website provides Piotroski scores for many stocks. It offers detailed financial information and tools for stock analysis.

3. Morningstar: Morningstar often provides comprehensive financial data and may include the Piotroski score as part of its stock analysis reports.

4. Finviz: Finviz is a popular stock screener that sometimes includes the Piotroski score in its advanced metrics.

5. Seeking Alpha: Some analysis reports and articles on Seeking Alpha may mention the Piotroski score as part of their evaluation of a stock.

Financial Analysis Software

1. Bloomberg Terminal: A comprehensive financial software system that provides extensive data, including Piotroski scores, for many publicly traded companies.

2. Thomson Reuters Eikon: Similar to Bloomberg, this is another financial analysis tool that may provide the Piotroski score.

Stock Research Platforms

1. Zacks Investment Research: Zacks often provides in-depth stock analysis and might include the Piotroski score in their evaluation.

2. Simply Wall St: A platform that offers visual financial analysis and might include the Piotroski score in its detailed stock reports.

How to Calculate the Piotroski Score by yourself?

If you prefer to calculate the Piotroski score manually, you can use financial statements from a company's annual report or quarterly filings (such as 10-K and 10-Q reports) available on:

1. EDGAR Database: Provided by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), you can access company filings here.

2. Company’s Investor Relations Page: Many companies publish their financial statements and other relevant data on their investor relations websites.

Finding the Piotroski score for Indian stocks can be achieved through several methods, including using financial websites that cover Indian markets, stock analysis platforms, and manual calculation. Here are some approaches:

Financial Websites and Tools

1. Screener.in:

   - Description: Screener.in is a popular platform for analyzing Indian stocks. It provides a wide range of financial data and screening tools.

   - Steps: 

     1. Go to [Screener.in](https://www.screener.in).

     2. Search for the stock you are interested in.

     3. Check the financials section and look for the Piotroski score.

2. Moneycontrol:

   - Description: Moneycontrol is one of the leading financial websites in India, providing comprehensive stock data.

   - Steps: 

     1. Go to [Moneycontrol](https://www.moneycontrol.com).

     2. Search for the desired stock.

     3. Navigate to the 'Financials' or 'Fundamentals' section and look for detailed financial metrics which might include the Piotroski score.

3. Trendlyne:

   - Description: Trendlyne offers various stock analysis tools and metrics, including the Piotroski score.

   - Steps: 

     1. Visit [Trendlyne](https://www.trendlyne.com).

     2. Search for the stock.

     3. Look for the Piotroski score under the financial ratios section.

Stock Analysis Platforms

1. Tijori Finance:

   - Description: Tijori Finance provides detailed financial analysis of Indian companies.

   - Steps: 

     1. Visit [Tijori Finance](https://www.tijorifinance.com).

     2. Search for the stock.

     3. Navigate to the financials section to check for the Piotroski score.

2. Investing.com India:

   - Description: Investing.com provides a wide array of financial data and analysis tools for Indian stocks.

   - Steps: 

     1. Go to [Investing.com India](https://in.investing.com).

     2. Search for the stock.

     3. Look for the financial summary or analysis section.

Manual Calculation

If the Piotroski score is not directly available, you can manually calculate it using the following steps:

1. Obtain Financial Statements:

   - Use the company’s annual reports, available on their investor relations page or from financial databases like the [BSE](https://www.bseindia.com/) and [NSE](https://www.nseindia.com/).

2. Calculate the Nine Criteria:

   - Profitability:

     1. Positive net income.

     2. Positive operating cash flow.

     3. Return on assets (ROA) is positive.

     4. Cash flow from operations is greater than net income.

   - Leverage, Liquidity, and Source of Funds:

     5. Lower ratio of long-term debt to total assets compared to the previous year.

     6. Higher current ratio compared to the previous year.

     7. No issuance of new shares in the preceding year.

   - Operating Efficiency:

     8. Higher gross margin compared to the previous year.

     9. Higher asset turnover ratio compared to the previous year.

3. Score Each Criterion:

   - Assign 1 point for each criterion met and 0 if not met.

   - Sum the points to get the Piotroski score (out of 9).

By using these sources and methods, you should be able to find or calculate the Piotroski score for Indian stocks.

By using these sources, you can either find the Piotroski score directly or gather the necessary data to calculate it yourself.